[env] macOS에 파이썬 개발환경구축
macOS에 파이썬 개발환경 구축하기
파이썬 개발환경 구축
파이썬 설치
터미널 실행
$ cd ~
# 최상위 폴더로 이동
pip 최신버전 업데이트
$ pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d7/41/34dd96bd33958e52cb4da2f1bf0818e396514fd4f4725a79199564cd0c20/pip-19.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 11.6MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 18.1
Uninstalling pip-18.1:
Successfully uninstalled pip-18.1
Successfully installed pip-19.0.2
현재 개발환경(base)은 python 3.7버전인데
나중에 사용할 tensorflow는 python 버전 3.6까지만 지원(2019.02 기준).
따라서 python 3.6 버전을 가지고 가상환경을 하나 생성.
여기서 ‘data_env’는 내가 원하는 가상환경 이름이므로 사용자가 원하는 이름으로 정할 수 있다.
$ conda create -n data_env python=3.6
Solving environment: done
==> WARNING: A newer version of conda exists. <==
current version: 4.5.12
latest version: 4.6.3
Please update conda by running
$ conda update -n base -c defaults conda
*## Package Plan ##
environment location: /anaconda3/envs/data_env
added / updated specs:
- python=3.6
The following packages will be downloaded:
package | build
---------------------------|-----------------
ca-certificates-2019.1.23 | 0 126 KB
python-3.6.8 | haf84260_0 20.5 MB
certifi-2018.11.29 | py36_0 146 KB
setuptools-40.7.3 | py36_0 619 KB
pip-19.0.1 | py36_0 1.9 MB
libedit-3.1.20181209 | hb402a30_0 159 KB
wheel-0.32.3 | py36_0 35 KB
------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 23.5 MB
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
ca-certificates: 2019.1.23-0
certifi: 2018.11.29-py36_0
libcxx: 4.0.1-hcfea43d_1
libcxxabi: 4.0.1-hcfea43d_1
libedit: 3.1.20181209-hb402a30_0
libffi: 3.2.1-h475c297_4
ncurses: 6.1-h0a44026_1
openssl: 1.1.1a-h1de35cc_0
pip: 19.0.1-py36_0
python: 3.6.8-haf84260_0
readline: 7.0-h1de35cc_5
setuptools: 40.7.3-py36_0
sqlite: 3.26.0-ha441bb4_0
tk: 8.6.8-ha441bb4_0
wheel: 0.32.3-py36_0
xz: 5.2.4-h1de35cc_4
zlib: 1.2.11-h1de35cc_3
Proceed ([y]/n)? y
↳ 설치를 원할 시 y 버튼을 클릭하고 엔터!
Downloading and Extracting Packages
ca-certificates-2019 | 126 KB | ##################################### | 100%
python-3.6.8 | 20.5 MB | ##################################### | 100%
certifi-2018.11.29 | 146 KB | ##################################### | 100%
setuptools-40.7.3 | 619 KB | ##################################### | 100%
pip-19.0.1 | 1.9 MB | ##################################### | 100%
libedit-3.1.20181209 | 159 KB | ##################################### | 100%
wheel-0.32.3 | 35 KB | ##################################### | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: done
#
# To activate this environment, use
#
# $ conda activate data_env
#
# To deactivate an active environment, use
#
# $ conda deactivate
현재 시스템 내 가상 환경 정보
$ conda info --envs
# conda environments:
#
base * /anaconda3
data_env /anaconda3/envs/data_env
사용할 가상환경으로 전환
$ source activate data_env
nb_conda 설치
주피터 노트북에서 가상환경을 선택할 수 있도록 nb_conda를 설치
$ conda install -c anaconda nb_conda
Solving environment: done
==> WARNING: A newer version of conda exists. <==
current version: 4.5.12
latest version: 4.6.3
Please update conda by running
$ conda update -n base -c defaults conda
## Package Plan ##
environment location: /anaconda3/envs/data_env
added / updated specs:
- nb_conda
The following packages will be downloaded:
package | build
---------------------------|-----------------
ptyprocess-0.6.0 | py36_0 23 KB anaconda
testpath-0.4.2 | py36_0 91 KB anaconda
prompt_toolkit-2.0.8 | py_0 222 KB anaconda
ipython_genutils-0.2.0 | py36h241746c_0 39 KB anaconda
appnope-0.1.0 | py36hf537a9a_0 8 KB anaconda
decorator-4.3.2 | py36_0 17 KB anaconda
jedi-0.13.2 | py36_0 228 KB anaconda
jupyter_core-4.4.0 | py36_0 63 KB anaconda
terminado-0.8.1 | py36_1 21 KB anaconda
ipython-7.2.0 | py36h39e3cac_0 1.0 MB anaconda
pandoc-2.2.3.2 | 0 13.8 MB anaconda
nbconvert-5.3.1 | py36_0 405 KB anaconda
wcwidth-0.1.7 | py36h8c6ec74_0 25 KB anaconda
certifi-2018.11.29 | py36_0 146 KB anaconda
notebook-5.7.4 | py36_0 7.3 MB anaconda
pandocfilters-1.4.2 | py36_1 13 KB anaconda
ipykernel-5.1.0 | py36h39e3cac_0 156 KB anaconda
entrypoints-0.3 | py36_0 12 KB anaconda
jsonschema-2.6.0 | py36hb385e00_0 62 KB anaconda
parso-0.3.2 | py36_0 119 KB anaconda
jupyter_client-5.2.4 | py36_0 127 KB anaconda
ca-certificates-2019.1.23 | 0 126 KB anaconda
six-1.12.0 | py36_0 22 KB anaconda
jinja2-2.10 | py36_0 184 KB anaconda
prometheus_client-0.5.0 | py36_0 67 KB anaconda
mistune-0.8.4 | py36h1de35cc_0 54 KB anaconda
pyzmq-17.1.2 | py36h0a44026_2 433 KB anaconda
libsodium-1.0.16 | h3efe00b_0 324 KB anaconda
pexpect-4.6.0 | py36_0 77 KB anaconda
nb_conda-2.2.1 | py36_0 33 KB anaconda
send2trash-1.5.0 | py36_0 16 KB anaconda
openssl-1.1.1 | h1de35cc_0 4.6 MB anaconda
zeromq-4.3.1 | h0a44026_3 565 KB anaconda
tornado-5.1.1 | py36h1de35cc_0 662 KB anaconda
nb_conda_kernels-2.2.0 | py36_0 32 KB anaconda
backcall-0.1.0 | py36_0 19 KB anaconda
python-dateutil-2.7.5 | py36_0 275 KB anaconda
pygments-2.3.1 | py36_0 1.4 MB anaconda
nbformat-4.4.0 | py36h827af21_0 138 KB anaconda
markupsafe-1.1.0 | py36h1de35cc_0 25 KB anaconda
pickleshare-0.7.5 | py36_0 12 KB anaconda
webencodings-0.5.1 | py36_1 19 KB anaconda
bleach-3.1.0 | py36_0 224 KB anaconda
traitlets-4.3.2 | py36h65bd3ce_0 131 KB anaconda
------------------------------------------------------------
Total: 33.1 MB
The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:
appnope: 0.1.0-py36hf537a9a_0 anaconda
backcall: 0.1.0-py36_0 anaconda
bleach: 3.1.0-py36_0 anaconda
decorator: 4.3.2-py36_0 anaconda
entrypoints: 0.3-py36_0 anaconda
ipykernel: 5.1.0-py36h39e3cac_0 anaconda
ipython: 7.2.0-py36h39e3cac_0 anaconda
ipython_genutils: 0.2.0-py36h241746c_0 anaconda
jedi: 0.13.2-py36_0 anaconda
jinja2: 2.10-py36_0 anaconda
jsonschema: 2.6.0-py36hb385e00_0 anaconda
jupyter_client: 5.2.4-py36_0 anaconda
jupyter_core: 4.4.0-py36_0 anaconda
libsodium: 1.0.16-h3efe00b_0 anaconda
markupsafe: 1.1.0-py36h1de35cc_0 anaconda
mistune: 0.8.4-py36h1de35cc_0 anaconda
nb_conda: 2.2.1-py36_0 anaconda
nb_conda_kernels: 2.2.0-py36_0 anaconda
nbconvert: 5.3.1-py36_0 anaconda
nbformat: 4.4.0-py36h827af21_0 anaconda
notebook: 5.7.4-py36_0 anaconda
pandoc: 2.2.3.2-0 anaconda
pandocfilters: 1.4.2-py36_1 anaconda
parso: 0.3.2-py36_0 anaconda
pexpect: 4.6.0-py36_0 anaconda
pickleshare: 0.7.5-py36_0 anaconda
prometheus_client: 0.5.0-py36_0 anaconda
prompt_toolkit: 2.0.8-py_0 anaconda
ptyprocess: 0.6.0-py36_0 anaconda
pygments: 2.3.1-py36_0 anaconda
python-dateutil: 2.7.5-py36_0 anaconda
pyzmq: 17.1.2-py36h0a44026_2 anaconda
send2trash: 1.5.0-py36_0 anaconda
six: 1.12.0-py36_0 anaconda
terminado: 0.8.1-py36_1 anaconda
testpath: 0.4.2-py36_0 anaconda
tornado: 5.1.1-py36h1de35cc_0 anaconda
traitlets: 4.3.2-py36h65bd3ce_0 anaconda
wcwidth: 0.1.7-py36h8c6ec74_0 anaconda
webencodings: 0.5.1-py36_1 anaconda
zeromq: 4.3.1-h0a44026_3 anaconda
The following packages will be UPDATED:
ca-certificates: 2019.1.23-0 --> 2019.1.23-0 anaconda
certifi: 2018.11.29-py36_0 --> 2018.11.29-py36_0 anaconda
openssl: 1.1.1a-h1de35cc_0 --> 1.1.1-h1de35cc_0 anaconda
Proceed ([y]/n)? y
↳ 설치를 원할 시 y 버튼을 클릭하고 엔터!
Downloading and Extracting Packages
ptyprocess-0.6.0 | 23 KB | ##################################### | 100%
testpath-0.4.2 | 91 KB | ##################################### | 100%
prompt_toolkit-2.0.8 | 222 KB | ##################################### | 100%
ipython_genutils-0.2 | 39 KB | ##################################### | 100%
appnope-0.1.0 | 8 KB | ##################################### | 100%
decorator-4.3.2 | 17 KB | ##################################### | 100%
jedi-0.13.2 | 228 KB | ##################################### | 100%
jupyter_core-4.4.0 | 63 KB | ##################################### | 100%
terminado-0.8.1 | 21 KB | ##################################### | 100%
ipython-7.2.0 | 1.0 MB | ##################################### | 100%
pandoc-2.2.3.2 | 13.8 MB | ##################################### | 100%
nbconvert-5.3.1 | 405 KB | ##################################### | 100%
wcwidth-0.1.7 | 25 KB | ##################################### | 100%
certifi-2018.11.29 | 146 KB | ##################################### | 100%
notebook-5.7.4 | 7.3 MB | ##################################### | 100%
pandocfilters-1.4.2 | 13 KB | ##################################### | 100%
ipykernel-5.1.0 | 156 KB | ##################################### | 100%
entrypoints-0.3 | 12 KB | ##################################### | 100%
jsonschema-2.6.0 | 62 KB | ##################################### | 100%
parso-0.3.2 | 119 KB | ##################################### | 100%
jupyter_client-5.2.4 | 127 KB | ##################################### | 100%
ca-certificates-2019 | 126 KB | ##################################### | 100%
six-1.12.0 | 22 KB | ##################################### | 100%
jinja2-2.10 | 184 KB | ##################################### | 100%
prometheus_client-0. | 67 KB | ##################################### | 100%
mistune-0.8.4 | 54 KB | ##################################### | 100%
pyzmq-17.1.2 | 433 KB | ##################################### | 100%
libsodium-1.0.16 | 324 KB | ##################################### | 100%
pexpect-4.6.0 | 77 KB | ##################################### | 100%
nb_conda-2.2.1 | 33 KB | ##################################### | 100%
send2trash-1.5.0 | 16 KB | ##################################### | 100%
openssl-1.1.1 | 4.6 MB | ##################################### | 100%
zeromq-4.3.1 | 565 KB | ##################################### | 100%
tornado-5.1.1 | 662 KB | ##################################### | 100%
nb_conda_kernels-2.2 | 32 KB | ##################################### | 100%
backcall-0.1.0 | 19 KB | ##################################### | 100%
python-dateutil-2.7. | 275 KB | ##################################### | 100%
pygments-2.3.1 | 1.4 MB | ##################################### | 100%
nbformat-4.4.0 | 138 KB | ##################################### | 100%
markupsafe-1.1.0 | 25 KB | ##################################### | 100%
pickleshare-0.7.5 | 12 KB | ##################################### | 100%
webencodings-0.5.1 | 19 KB | ##################################### | 100%
bleach-3.1.0 | 224 KB | ##################################### | 100%
traitlets-4.3.2 | 131 KB | ##################################### | 100%
Preparing transaction: done
Verifying transaction: done
Executing transaction: / + /anaconda3/envs/data_env/bin/python -m nb_conda_kernels.install --enable
Enabling nb_conda_kernels...
Status: enabled
\ + /anaconda3/envs/data_env/bin/jupyter-nbextension enable nb_conda --py --sys-prefix
Enabling notebook extension nb_conda/main...
- Validating: OK
Enabling tree extension nb_conda/tree...
- Validating: OK
+ /anaconda3/envs/data_env/bin/jupyter-serverextension enable nb_conda --py --sys-prefix
Enabling: nb_conda
- Writing config: /anaconda3/envs/data_env/etc/jupyter
- Validating...
nb_conda 2.2.1 OK
done
가상환경 등록
파이썬 3.6버전을 설치했기 때문에 수동으로 ipykernel에 우리의 가상환경을 등록해줘야 한다.
$ python -m ipykernel install --user --name data_env
Installed kernelspec data_env in /Users/kang/Library/Jupyter/kernels/data_env
↳ data_env : 내가 원하는 가상환경 이름이므로 사용자가 원하는 이름으로 정할 수 있다.
jupyter notebook 첫 실행
$ (data_env)jupyter notebook
[I 10:19:22.618 NotebookApp] [nb_conda_kernels] enabled, 1 kernels found
[I 10:19:22.635 NotebookApp] Writing notebook server cookie secret to /Users/kang/Library/Jupyter/runtime/notebook_cookie_secret
[I 10:19:22.879 NotebookApp] [nb_conda] enabled
[I 10:19:22.879 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /Users/kang
[I 10:19:22.879 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at:
[I 10:19:22.879 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8888/?token=13c5f69c269d21bbd6b859c7f9a90eff199278b039b6cbc0
[I 10:19:22.879 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
[C 10:19:22.885 NotebookApp]
To access the notebook, open this file in a browser:
file:///Users/kang/Library/Jupyter/runtime/nbserver-3767-open.html
Or copy and paste one of these URLs:
http://localhost:8888/?token=13c5f69c269d21bbd6b859c7f9a90eff199278b039b6cbc0
^C[I 10:19:33.215 NotebookApp] interrupted
Serving notebooks from local directory: /Users/kang
0 active kernels
The Jupyter Notebook is running at:
http://localhost:8888/?token=13c5f69c269d21bbd6b859c7f9a90eff199278b039b6cbc0
↳ 주피터 노트북 실행
↳ control + 엔터 빵! 하면 아래와 같음
Shutdown this notebook server (y/[n])? y
↳ jupyter notebook 종료를 원하면 y
[C 10:19:37.667 NotebookApp] Shutdown confirmed
[I 10:19:37.668 NotebookApp] Shutting down 0 kernels
jupyter notebook 환경설정 파일 생성
$ (data_env) jupyter notebook --generate-config
Writing default config to: /Users/kang/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py
jupyter notebook 환경설정 파일 수정(메모장으로 파일 열기)
Users/kang/.jupyter/jupyter_notebook_config.py
↳ .jupyter 파일이 보이지 않을 시 숨김파일 보기 버튼을 클릭( shift + command + , )
환경설정 파일 중간쯤? 아래와 같은 내용 수정
$ (기존)
## The directory to use for notebooks and kernels.
#c.NotebookApp.notebook_dir = ''
$ (수정)
## The directory to use for notebooks and kernels.
c.NotebookApp.notebook_dir = '/Users/kang/Documents/Python/python_ML'
↳ c.앞에 # 주석 제거
↳ jupyter notebook이 실행할 경로 설정
↳ 설정한 경로에 가서 새폴더 생성
모든 환경 설정이 끝났으므로 jupyter notebook 사용이 가능하다.
터미널 실행 - jupyter notebook 실행
$ source activate data_env
$ (data_env) jupyter notebook
[I 22:30:23.935 NotebookApp] [nb_conda_kernels] enabled, 1 kernels found
[I 22:30:24.520 NotebookApp] [nb_conda] enabled
[I 22:30:24.520 NotebookApp] Serving notebooks from local directory: /Users/kang/Documents/Python/python_ML
[I 22:30:24.521 NotebookApp] The Jupyter Notebook is running at:
[I 22:30:24.521 NotebookApp] http://localhost:8888/?token=45d9dca46413f11cfa585b82fa6ea873a9f4b85a175aa98d
[I 22:30:24.521 NotebookApp] Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels (twice to skip confirmation).
[C 22:30:24.527 NotebookApp]
To access the notebook, open this file in a browser:
file:///Users/kang/Library/Jupyter/runtime/nbserver-6335-open.html
Or copy and paste one of these URLs:
http://localhost:8888/?token=45d9dca46413f11cfa585b82fa6ea873a9f4b85a175aa98d
아나콘다3 설치
설명
파이썬 홈페이지에가서 파이썬을 설치해도 되지만 아나콘다를 설치하면 가상환경을 설정 할 수도 있고 다수의 유용한 파이썬 패키지를 쓸 수 있어서 바로 아나콘다를 설치한다.
아나콘다 다운로드 사이트
https://www.anaconda.com/distribution/
아나콘다 3.7버전 다운로드
Python Anaconda 3.7버전 2018.12 ( Anaconda3-2018.12-MacOSX-x86_64.pkg )
설치시 어려움은 없다. Yes맨이 되면 설치 완료.
공식 영문 홈페이지
https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/mac-os/
References
개발자님들 덕분에 많이 배울 수 있었습니다. 감사의 말씀 드립니다.
